VMware Cloud Native Master Specialist

Yesterday I passed my VMware Cloud Native Master Specialist exam.

vmware_SP_CloudNative20

It was a tough one and I really enjoyed the thought out questions based on real world scenarios, so kudos to the team that put the exam together.

Here is the easier to read format of the sections with the accompanied links from the guide. Please review the exam guide for accuracy since my list might get outdated.

Exam Sections

Section 1 – Application Deployment to a Cluster

Objective 1.1 Identify the situation that would require a secret.

https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/configuration/secret/

Objective 1.2 Identify the situation that would require a config map.

https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/configure-pod-configmap

Objective 1.3 Given a scenario, identify proper logging for the application.

https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/logging/

Objective 1.4 Given a scenario, identify proper metrics for the application.

https://prometheus.io/docs/

Objective 1.5 Given a scenario, identify proper probes for the application.

https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/configure-liveness-readiness-startup-probes/

Objective 1.6 Given a scenario, identify the proper way to expose an application to outside users.

https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/services-networking/connect-applications-service/ – Ingress / Ingress

Controllers / Service of Type LoadBalancer – all available in this section of the kubernetes.io doc

Objective 1.7 Given a scenario, identify the proper way to expose a container.

https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/pod-overview/

Objective 1.8 Given a scenario, identify helm best practice.

https://helm.sh/docs/chart_best_practices/

Objective 1.9 Given a common complex error, identify appropriate next steps or identify what the error implies.

Objective 1.10 Given a scenario, identify how to influence scheduling in a cluster.

https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/configuration/manage-compute-resources-container

https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/configuration/assign-pod-node/

Objective 1.11 Given an application architecture scenario, identify the changes that should be made to the application to make it suitable for Cloud Native platforms.

https://12factor.net

Objective 1.12 Given a Dockerfile, identify changes that best suit container best practices.

https://cloud.google.com/blog/products/gcp/7-best-practices-for-building-containers

Section 2 – Cluster Security

Objective 2.1 Given a scenario, identify proper RBAC to implement.

https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/access-authn-authz/rbac/

Objective 2.2 Given a scenario, identify proper audit capabilities to implement.

https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/audit/

Objective 2.3 Given a scenario, identify the Proper Pod Security Policy to implement.

https://octetz.com/posts/setting-up-psps

Objective 2.4 Given a scenario, identify appropriate admission control options to implement on a cluster.

https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/access-authn-authz/admission-controllers/

Objective 2.5 Given a scenario, identify appropriate open policy agent configuration to implement.

https://www.openpolicyagent.org/docs/latest/

Objective 2.6 Given a scenario, identify appropriate network policy to implement.

https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/services-networking/network-policies/

Section 3 – Cluster Operations

Objective 3.1 Given a scenario, identify an appropriate option for configuring backup on a cluster.

https://github.com/heptio/velero

Objective 3.2 Given a scenario, identify appropriate options for cluster.

https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/resource-usage-monitoring/

Objective 3.3 Given a scenario, identify the appropriate options for logging configuration.

https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/logging/

Objective 3.4 Given a scenario, identify an appropriate option for configuring cluster conformance tests.

https://sonobuoy.io/

Objective 3.5 Given a scenario, identify an appropriate option for configuring an ingress controller to satisfy ingress options on cluster.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BSKU6QHOvVE

Objective 3.6 Given a scenario, identify the appropriate option for separation of application teams.

https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/overview/working-with-objects/namespaces/

Objective 3.7 Given a scenario, identify why to use one networking plugin over another.

https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/networking/

Objective 3.8 Given a scenario, configure authentication

https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/access-authn-authz/authentication/

https://github.com/dexidp/dex

 

Exam details can be found here.

Remember that CKA certification is a prerequisite for this exam and in order to schedule this exam you first need to upload your CKA certification for verification which can take up to 24 hours so plan accordingly.

 

CKA Certification

Finally had some time in between projects to get my CKA certification.

First off I would like to say I hate multiple choice questions, and I feel like these days they are making MC exams harder by trying to trick you in the way they ask the question or providing subtle difference in answers which are difficult to distinguish especially for us where English is a second language.

So writing an exam in a physical lab environment is refreshing and the way all certifications should be, but that’s a story for another day and I am probably just saying that since I found it much easier and passed with score in the 90s 🙂

Most of my studies revolved around A LOT of lab time, but what I also found as an excellent source of learning is Mumshad Mannambeth course on Udemy, which also includes test KodeKloud lab exercises and mock exams.  I also went though Linux Academy’s course, but did not find it as comprehensive as that of Mumshads.

Good luck!

logo_cka

 

vExpert 2018 achievement

So this just happened!

After years of sharing the good and sometimes bad experiences in my profession, I finally decided to apply for the vExpert award.  When I started, I never even knew of this community and only blogged to improve my English writing skills (still a work in progress), as well share some of my knowledge that I have all written down in my MS OneNote.

2 years ago I started noticing the vExpert badge worn so proudly and I started researching on what this is and what it stands for.  I don’t really care much for the recognition, but what did peak my interest, is the community and exclusive opportunities that this program provides.

So here we are today and after my first application, I was accepted into the community and cannot be more happy and honored.

To everyone in the vExpert community, we appreciate the time and effort you put in day in and day out, sharing your knowledge and making our lives easier.  Keep up the good work.

 

OneNote for Mac finally does it right (updated!)

This is just my opinion and it seems some users on MS community is not on the same page, but overall OneNote has definitely been moving in the right direction 🙂

I have been a long time users of OneNote and it is an amazing tool which does not get all the recognition it deserves.  Since I switched over to Mac a year ago I have been struggling with Office for Mac, especially OneNote, but Microsoft has been putting a lot of focus on this product and even listened to us on their community sites with suggestions and bug fixes. This is great to see and just reinforces my choice that this is the right tool for me.

You can also join the office insider program which allows you to get insider slow or fast builds but as many users recently discovered, OneNote freezing during the sync process, this can cause problem and is done at your own risk.

 

So back to the good stuff, Microsoft recently introduce the new vertical menu bar on the left side of the screen which replaced the top horizontal menu, which in my opinion was not good since you had to scroll a lot!   The new menu is very similar to what you get in OneNote for Windows, but after reading some community forums it has not received all the love since it takes up quiet a bit of screen real estate which is not ideal but I am sure this will be addressed in the near future.

Below is a screenshot of the menu showing with all my workbooks.

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Below the menu shows with my workbooks hidden.  This happens when you click on a page.

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Another cool feature is the feedback button which sends information back to the team on things you like or don’t like and any suggestions you might have. Pretty cool.

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UPDATE 06.20.2017

OneNote for Mac release version 15.35.1 (170616) which now gives you the ability to customization your OneNote interface by hiding sections to only show pages as well as page previews.  Here is some information on how to customize OneNote. Pretty neat!

What is even more exciting is that MS is finally creating consistency across all the platforms for OneNote with the following new feature announcements here:

  • Enhancing usability for those who use assistive technologies.
  • Simplifying navigation controls.
  • Creating consistency across devices.

 

 

You can also provide feedback and suggestions here:

https://onenote.uservoice.com/forums/327165-onenote-for-mac

OneNote for Mac community:

https://answers.microsoft.com/en-us/msoffice/forum/mso_mac?sort=lastreplydate&dir=desc&tab=Threads&threadType=All&tm=1431713187355&auth=1

 

 

South Africa – Home visit reflection

My wife and I recently returned to Atlanta, US after spending 14 day back home in South Africa.  I grew up in Hermanus which is about an hours drive from Cape Town, well more like an hour and a half these days since they put average speed check cameras up all over the damn place. Still hopeful for no surprise bills from rental company but that is a rant for another day 🙂

My last visit to South Africa was back in 2014 which consisted of 2 weeks safari, with the whole family in the Kruger National Park.  If you ever get the chance to go on a safari in Africa then do it! It is one of the best experiences you will ever have. For our next safari we would like to go experience the  annual Serengeti migration in Tanzania.

It has been 5 years since my last visit to my home town Hermanus as well as Cape Town and man has things changed!

I couple of observations:

  • Things got really expensive
  • Property and commercial real estate boom took place in both Hermanus and Cape Town with house prices skyrocketing.
  • Traffic got worse in Hermanus, but Cape Town went to a whole new level of insanity and we almost found it impossible to find parking in the whole city.
  • We joined some of my friends for a night out in Cape Town and experience First Thursdays which was amazing and great to see the redevelopment and revitalization of the downtown area.  If you’re ever in town check out my friend’s gin bar, tucked behind a chocolate cafe!
  • In my days you had maybe 3 places you went downtown and definitely you were not walking around in the streets like we did.  Enjoyed the experience and the cultural diversity Cape Town has to offer.
  • Lastly Hermanus is not the quiet retirement village we grew up in and things sure have changed but I can still get old nostalgic feeling by visiting Gansbaai, Kleinmond or Betty’s Bay.

South Africa is a great country, and this little bubble we call Hermanus is just a small piece of the beauty it has to offer, but unfortunately the gap between rich and poor seems to grow with even the middle class struggling to keep up with high costs of food, rental, health insurance, electricity, internet, this list goes on…

It is great to see homes being build for the poor and trying to enrich their lives by moving them out of their shacks in the townships but even this is marred by shoddy work and unfulfilled promises like building 3 roomed homes without a bathroom and only providing a shared community toilet outhouse! Can any of you imagine that? Living in America you are privileged and unless you have visited countries like Africa, South America and South East Asia I don’t think you can grasp the level of poor that those people have to endure.

Every little bit counts and the dollar goes a long way!

  • With so many charities out there I am not going to provide any of my favorites but rather let you decide for yourself where to donate your hard earned money.  I use GlobalGiving for donations to South Africa.

 

As a hobby photographer, here are some of the photos I took on my trip. I will be uploading some of my favorites to Flickr in the upcoming days.

Surprise “wedding” party by my friends and family 🙂 JKPP4543.JPG

Pictures of Hermanus:

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Hemel-en-Aarde wine valley: 10 minutes drive from Hermanus

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Friends and the best wine makers in the valley and I am going to go as far as to say in South Africa!

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Penguins at Stony Point: 30 minutes from Hermanus

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Pictures of Cape Town:

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Panthera Cat sanctuary:

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Great White Shark Cage diving with my friends’ family business:

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And then there is the amazing food!

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Awesome roads:

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Patch Tuesday no more…Microsoft servicing model changes

Coming October Microsoft will be changing the way it delivers patches to many of their OS’s and only time will tell how successful this will be but in my opinion this is an overdue change and a good thing.

I was a MS engineers in a my previous life and I know how tedious it can be to manage all the individual patches released with testing and verification, and this gets even more complicated when you have different OS’s.  Sometimes hated those Tuesdays 🙂

Microsoft will be releasing a monthly rollup which includes security and reliability issues. How does this impact you?

 

There is a great MS blog which explains this in detail which I have provided below:

 

links:

https://blogs.technet.microsoft.com/windowsitpro/2016/08/15/further-simplifying-servicing-model-for-windows-7-and-windows-8-1/